• r2-252-5
    Overview. (©Archaeological Exploration of Sardis/President and Fellows of Harvard College)
  • r2-252-10
    Colossal female head, detail. Butler photo. (Howard Crosby Butler Archive, Department of Art and Archaeology, Princeton University)
  • r2-252-15
    Colossal female head, as found. Butler photo. (Howard Crosby Butler Archive, Department of Art and Archaeology, Princeton University)
  • r2-252-20
    Overview on wall. (©Archaeological Exploration of Sardis/President and Fellows of Harvard College)
  • r2-252-30
    Overview. (©Archaeological Exploration of Sardis/President and Fellows of Harvard College)
  • r2-252-40
    Overview. (©Archaeological Exploration of Sardis/President and Fellows of Harvard College)

Colossal Female Head, Artemis?

Date
Ca. 140 AD? (Antonine), Roman
Museum
Istanbul, Archaeological Museum, 4038
Museum Inventory No.
4038
Sardis or Museum Inv. No.
IAM 4038
Material
Marble, Stone
Object Type
Sculpture
Sculpture Type
Portrait, Colossal Imperial Portrait
Site
Sardis
Sector
AT
Trench
AT
Locus
AT Precinct
Findspot
Found by the first Sardis expedition at N side of AT.
Description

The following description is taken from Sardis I, 147: "A colossal sculptured face, very well preserved . . . differs entirely from the similar heads found here; for, though in high relief, it was almost certainly never part of an entire head, but was attached to some kind of background. This raises an interesting question as to whether it may not have belonged to a gigantic frieze, like that of the Didymaion near Miletos, which is ornamented ... with colossal Medusa heads. This face --not that of a Medusa, but of a youthful, rather plump woman -- was executed to stand at a level much above the eye of the beholder, as the high arched eye-brows and rounded eyes plainly show. The nose is broken away, the small mouth open, the hair carved in soft waves."

G.M.A. Hanfmann thinks it is possibly an Artemis, and not a relief but an acrolith. The carving of the locks seems similar to that of Faustina (Cat. 251 Fig. 434). Buckler and Robinson (Sardis VII, 72, no. 58) tentatively considered the piece to be Faustina Minor. An identification as Lucilla, daughter of Marcus Aurelius, has also been suggested. The portrait dates to the Antonine period, ca. 140.

Condition

Marble.

Nose broken off, otherwise very well preserved.

Dimensions
H. 0.80.
Comments
See Also
Bibliography
Published: Sardis I, 147, ill. 164. Butler also noted that "not far away fragments of a third colossal head, also female, were discovered; they represent part of the nose and mouth and part of the brow with a bit of wavy hair," cf. the discussion of colossal images under Cat. 79 and Cat. 102 (Figs. 196-197, 223-225).
Author
NHR